Ⅳ、主語+謂語(及物動詞)+間接賓語+直接賓語(SVOO)
e.g. He gave me a book.主語 謂語 間接賓語 直接賓語e.g. They informed us that they might be 20 minutes late.主語 謂語 間接賓語 直接賓語Ⅴ、主語+謂語(及物動詞)+賓語+補足語(SVOC)(C——complement)
e.g. We considered him to a top student.主語 謂語 賓語 賓語補足語e.g. The news made him very happy.主語 謂語 賓語 賓語補足語e.g. They find it difficult to answer the question.主語 謂語 賓語 賓語補足語 真正的賓語補充: 某些及物動詞除要求帶賓語外,有時還需要有一個成分補充說明該賓語的動作、狀態(tài)、特征等,意思才完整,這個成分就是賓語補足語。
e.g. We leave the door open主語 謂語 賓語 賓語補足語能用于“主語+謂語(及物動詞)+賓語+補足語(SVOC)”結構的動詞不多, 常見的有:set: e.g. set the bird free; 使處于某種狀態(tài)make: e.g. make me happy;
keep: e.g. keep the trees alive; 使…保持著(某種狀態(tài))
leave: e.g. leave the boy without care and support; 使…處于某種狀態(tài)補充:Without: perp.沒有;不e.g. They have endured three days without food or water. (沒有)
e.g. Close the door without making any noise, please. (不)
還有一種存在句型: there be 的句型e.g. There is something wrong here. e.g. There are two people over there.英語句子中的幾個基本句式:陳述句,疑問句,感嘆句和祈使句。 陳述句分為肯定句和否定句, 陳述句和否定句(在be動詞后加not或在助動詞后加not)是我們最為熟悉的句式, 最常見的結構。
e.g. He is a worker. 其否定句是:He is not a worker. e.g. He likes English. 其否定句:He doesn't like English.疑問句分為一般疑問句,特殊疑問句和反意疑問句。一般疑問句就是把be動詞或助動詞提到句首,e.g. Is he a worker?
e.g. Does he like English?
而特殊疑問句就是在句子是由特殊疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導,e.g. what do you like?
e.g. Where are you going?
反意疑問句由前后兩部分組成,若前一部分用肯定式,后部分用否定式;若前一部分用否定式,后一部分用肯定式。反意疑問句句尾由“助動詞+代詞”構成。
e.g. He is a student, isn‘t he?
e.g. He likes English, doesn‘t he?
e.g. He cannot speak English, can he?