環(huán)境保護(hù)類背誦
2000年真題Directions:
Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words.
Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:
1. Describe the pictures
2. Deduce the purpose of the artist of the pictures.
3. Suggest counter-measures.
真題分析：
本題的題目是一組圖，其中上下兩幅圖形成了鮮明的對(duì)比。考生需要抓住的細(xì)節(jié)包括年代的差別（分別是1900年和1995年，相隔約一個(gè)世紀(jì))、漁船數(shù)量的差別、海洋中魚的數(shù)量差別。這時(shí)只要簡單地加以分析就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，畫圖者的意圖是警告人們，如果人類繼續(xù)無節(jié)制地開發(fā)自然資源，那么總有一天自然資源將會(huì)徹底枯竭，最終威脅到人類自己的生存�？忌枰治霎媹D者的本意，并提出相應(yīng)的解決措施。
這里需要再次提醒的一點(diǎn)是，在第一段描述圖中內(nèi)容時(shí)，要用過去時(shí)來說明兩個(gè)不同年代的情況。
思路拓展：
環(huán)境問題是一個(gè)涉及內(nèi)容十分廣泛的話題，包括環(huán)境污染、沙漠化、森林退化、資源枯竭、全球變暖、生態(tài)失衡，同時(shí)還與人口增長、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、能源開發(fā)等一系列社會(huì)問題緊密相連。從根本上來說，這都是由于人類無休止地向地球索取、而沒有采取合適的方法來回報(bào)地球，造成地球的產(chǎn)能已經(jīng)無法承受如此巨大的負(fù)擔(dān)。考生在文章中可以提出，要徹底解決環(huán)境問題，需要各國政府和全世界每一個(gè)人的通力合作，需要喚醒所有人的環(huán)境保護(hù)意識(shí)，用所有可能的措施，包括政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的合作、全社會(huì)的大力倡導(dǎo)、法律的介入等一系列措施來治理這一問題。
范文：
The picture unveils a drastic change of ocean ecology during the past century due to the expanding scale of world commercial fishing. There were few fishing ships on the sea in 1900 when an enormous number of fish swam freely; in contrast, in 1995 a large fleet of ships were endeavoring to search for the only fish in the sea.
The tremendous contrast presented by the drawing alarmingly reminds us of the detrimental deterioration of oceanic ecosystem by the greediness of mankind. The industry of commercial fishing had undergone a booming expansion along with the growing public awareness of the merits of seafood, which made fishing unusually profitable. Lacking knowledge regarding the significance of ecological balance, businessmen sent out ships that insatiably chased fishes and thus posed a severe threat to all life in the sea. However, this trend may in turn endanger humankind.
To prevent the exhaustion of ocean resources, governments should unite to work out effective measures against commercial fishing. For instance, there should be limitations on fishing time and location so as to reduce the exploitation of the sea. Moreover, people also call for laws and regulations that are responsible for punishing excessive fishing. Last but not the least, the public attachment to the importance of balance preservation would play a decisive role in saving ocean species from extinction.
譯文：
該圖顯示出20世紀(jì)以來由于全球商業(yè)捕魚業(yè)的大規(guī)模擴(kuò)張而導(dǎo)致海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的巨大變化。1900年的時(shí)候海上只有一艘船，而海里有許許多多魚兒在自由地遨游；相反，到了1995年，海上有許多漁船，它們都在努力尋找海里僅剩的一條魚。
該圖所顯示出來的巨大反差使我們警醒地意識(shí)到人們的貪婪給海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成了巨大的破壞。隨著公眾意識(shí)到了海鮮食品的價(jià)值，商業(yè)捕魚也在不斷擴(kuò)張，而且有著十分高的利潤率。由于商人們?nèi)鄙賹?duì)于生態(tài)平衡的認(rèn)識(shí)，他們的漁船無休止地捕魚，給海洋生物的生存造成了巨大的威脅。但是，這個(gè)趨勢(shì)可能最終會(huì)反過來威脅到人類自己的生存。
為了防止海洋資源的枯竭，各個(gè)政府必須聯(lián)合起來，對(duì)商業(yè)捕魚采取有效的措施。例如，為了防止過度捕撈，可以限制捕魚的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。此外，人們還呼吁制定更多的法律法規(guī)來懲罰過度捕撈。最后，公眾對(duì)于保持生態(tài)平衡重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)對(duì)于拯救瀕臨滅絕的海洋生物起到了決定性的作用。
